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The debriefing is a procedure based on intra-team feedback, which has frequently been applied in university formation in health but has been less used in business. The aim of this research is to analyse best practices in the actual implementation of debriefing in organisations, based on criteria the guidelines for carrying out each stage established in the procedure.

To achieve these goals, working teams from different organisations carried out 19 group-debriefing sessions on an authentic work problem. These sessions were observed and analysed following a qualitative approach.

After observing a debriefing session in 19 organisations, four categories related to its implementation have been identified: Self-analysis, information, planning and orientation of the development of the team.

It is important to mention some limitations to this work. The major limitation was the lack of published literature related to the debriefing in the area of organisational management. The qualitative and exploratory nature of the study limits the generalisation of the results.

The research has practical implications as the characterisation and description of each phase favours the transfer to implement the debriefing technique adequately in different types of organisations.

It has been observed that all forms of debriefing have a common purpose in learning and, team and employee development, due to the powerful transferability and usefulness of debriefing in different contexts. Therefore, knowing the correct use of debriefing is a breakthrough in this area. In addition, including this type of practice will not just facilitate a better performance, it will also help teams to learn to work in a team from their own experiences.

It has been characterised by the process of debriefing from the correct implementation of each phase through the analysis of the narratives that arise in the debriefing sessions carried out.

匯報是一個基於團隊內部回饋的程序, 它常見於大學組建的醫療衛生方面, 在商業上則較少使用。本研究擬基於匯報程序中所建立的每個階段, 來分析在組織內實際進行匯報的典範實務。

為達至研究目標, 來自不同組織的工作團隊, 就一個真實的工作問題進行了19個匯報會議。研究人員觀察這些會議, 並以定性研究法進行探討和分析。

研究人員觀察於19個組織進行的匯報會議後, 找出了四個進行匯報會議的範疇, 自我分析、資料、計劃和團隊發展的取向。

本研究提供了實務方面的啟示, 因研究結果確認了匯報每個階段的特徵的描述, 以及每個階段的描述, 這會幫助在不同種類的組織內進行匯報會議時, 舉行匯報使用之技巧得以靈活調動, 以發揮各技巧的最佳效果。

研究人員分析有關的匯報會議內的敘述, 並從會議每個階段的正確執行, 找出了匯報程序的各個特徵。

This article explains the causal mechanism supporting sustainable longevity by analysing the last three generations of one of the oldest family firms in Latin America.

An explanatory single-case qualitative research based on critical realism explores why and how this family firm has been able to maintain its multigenerational longevity.

Los Lingues's evolutionary strategy, driven by transgenerational entrepreneurship under effectuation, has supported this family firm's sustainable longevity. Its effectual logic emerged mainly from the richness of the firm's historical resources embedded in its identity, knowledge and social capital and priority to preserve socioemotional wealth.

This study integrates socioemotional wealth and effectuation theory to explain a family firm's ability to survive through generations and sustain longevity. The study demonstrates the relevance of effectual logic in the entrepreneurial dynamics of a multigenerational family firm. Effectual logic drives the firm evolution and adaptation for sustainable longevity.

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of a classroom application of the cooperative learning (CL) methodology on nine dimensions of business students’ teamwork competence (TC).

The authors used a quasi-experimental pre-post design with a previous cohort as control group (first-year students from the year prior to treatment application), applying treatment to a sample of 228 first-year students in a School of Economics and Business at a Chilean University (114 as treatment and 114 as control).

The authors’ results show that CL had a positive, significant influence on five dimensions of TC: collective efficacy, planning, goal setting, problem solving and conflict management.

This paper upholds the importance and effectiveness of CL in developing TC. However, the evidence suggests that the effectiveness of the CL methodology was limited to development and improvement of less complex dimensions of TC. More complex dimensions require a longer period of time to be developed.

This research is an important contribution to the design and implementation of appropriate methodologies for developing a widely needed area of competence in the workplace, considering its multidimensional nature, whether in academia or business.

This is the first study to seek empirical evidence that would link the CL methodology with TC. In addition, it fills a gap in the literature on the development of TC in its multiple dimensions. It particularly addresses the training of business professionals.

El objetivo principal de este trabajo es analizar el impacto de la metodología Aprendizaje Cooperativo aplicada en aula en nueve dimensiones de la Competencia Trabajo en Equipo en estudiantes de negocios.

Se ha empleado un diseño cuasi experimental pre-post test con grupo cuasi control en una cohorte anterior (curso de primer año del año previo a la aplicación del tratamiento), aplicada a 228 estudiantes de 1° año de una Facultad de Economía y Negocios de una Universidad Chilena (114 de tratamiento y 114 de control).

Los resultados obtenidos ponen de manifiesto un efecto positivo y significativo de la metodología Aprendizaje Cooperativo sobre cinco dimensiones de la Competencia Trabajo en Equipo, las cuales son eficacia colectiva, planificación, establecimiento de objetivos, resolución de problemas, y gestión de conflictos.

El presente trabajo sostiene la importancia de emplear una metodología de Aprendizaje Cooperativo en la formación de la Competencia Trabajo en Equipo. No obstante, la evidencia presentada sugiere que la aplicación de la metodología Aprendizaje Cooperativo es significativa para dimensiones de menor complejidad en su desarrollo, ya que aquellas más complejas requieren de un horizonte más largo para ser adquiridas.

Esta investigación supone una contribución importante para el diseño e implementación de metodologías adecuadas para la formación de una competencia ampliamente requerida en el mundo profesional, considerando su carácter multidimensional, tanto en el ámbito universitario como empresarial.

Es el primer estudio que busca evidencia empírica acerca de la relación entre la aplicación de una metodología de Aprendizaje Cooperativo y la Competencia Trabajo en Equipo. Adicionalmente, complementa un vacío en la literatura a la formación de la Competencia Trabajo en Equipo desde sus múltiples dimensiones. En especial, en la formación de profesionales de los negocios.

While companies have increasingly encouraged employees to adopt a customer orientation, less attention has been given to the impact that customer orientation has on employees' job outcomes and performance. Previous research has used job demands-resource theory (JD-R) and proposed several mechanisms through which customer orientation influences performance, yet the intervening variables in the process have shown inconsistent results. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the contextual role of organizational justice on the relationship between customer orientation and performance through work engagement. In this way, offering more understanding of the contingent effects that intervene in the customer orientation–performance relationship.

Using a structural equation model (SEM) in a sample of 249 marketing, sales and management managers in Chilean companies, this paper tested different hypotheses concerning the role of work engagement, organizational justice and customer orientation in relation to perceived performance.

This study informs that organizational justice (procedural and distributive justice) moderates the relationship between customer orientation and performance through work engagement. Precisely, the findings reveal that at lower values of organizational justice, changes in customer orientation negatively influence work engagement and in turn performance.

The results contribute to strengthening customer orientation theory by integrating a contextual variable often omitted: organizational justice. By exploring the moderation effect of organizational justice on customer orientation, this paper reveals contingent effects of employees' perceived fairness on the organization in the relationship between customer orientation and performance through work engagement. The findings encourage managers to look after employees' perceived organizational justice when they implement customer-oriented approaches, in particular, of those employees who work in the frontline sales and service positions.

Mientras las empresas han incentivado la adopción de una orientación al cliente por parte de los empleados, menos atención se ha dado al impacto que la orientación al cliente tiene en los resultados laborales y el desempeño. Investigación previa ha usado la teoría de Demandas y Recursos del Trabajo (Job Demands-Resource Theory en inglés) y propuesto varios mecanismos a través de los cuales la orientación al cliente tiene un efecto en el desempeño, no obstante las variables que intervienen en el proceso han mostrado resultados inconsistentes. Por tanto, este estudio tiene por objetivo investigar el rol contextual de justicia organizacional en la relación entre orientación al cliente y performance a través del compromiso organizacional. De esta manera, ofrecer mayor entendimiento de los efectos contingentes que intervienen la relación orientación al cliente-desempeño.

Usando un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales en una muestra de 249 ejecutivos de marketing, ventas y negocios en compañías chilenas, este estudio evalúa diferentes hipótesis respecto al rol del compromiso organizacional, justicia organizacional, y orientación al cliente en relación a la percepción del desempeño organizacional.

Este estudio demuestra que la justicia organizacional (como justicia distributiva y procedural) modera la relación entre orientación al cliente y desempeño a través del compromiso organizacional. Precisamente, los resultados revelan que a menores valores de justicia organizacional, cambios en la orientación al cliente influencian negativamente el compromiso organizacional y a su vez el desempeño.

Los resultados contribuyen a fortalecer la teoría de Orientación al Valor del Cliente integrando una variable contextual que a menudo ha sido omitida: Justicia organizacional. Explorando la moderación de la justicia organizacional en la orientación al cliente, esta investigación revela efectos contingentes de la percepción de justicia de los empleados en la organización en la relación entre orientación al cliente y el desempeño percibido a través del compromiso organizacional. Estos hallazgos invitan a los gerentes a preocuparse por la percepción de justicia de los empleados cuando deciden implementar la orientación al cliente en especial con quiénes trabajan en la provisión de servicios y atención a clientes.