Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
5.1
3.7
Journals
Pathogens
Special Issues
Oncolytic Mechanisms of Viruses: Effect on Tumor Cells and Role...
share announcement

Oncolytic Mechanisms of Viruses: Effect on Tumor Cells and Role of the Tumor Microenvironment

A special issue of Pathogens (ISSN 2076-0817). This special issue belongs to the section "Viral Pathogens".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 March 2024) | Viewed by 7773

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Attilio Corradi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Pathology Unit, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
Interests: oncology; immunopathology; swine pathology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Federico Armando

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover (Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover), 30559 Hannover, Germany
Interests: cancer invasion and metastasis; epithelial to mesenchymal transition; viral oncolysis, equine genital squamous cell carcinomas
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Christina Puff

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover (Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover), 30559 Hannover, Germany
Interests: canine distemper virus; viral oncolysis; histiocytic sarcoma
Dr. Luca Ferrari

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Pathology Unit, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
Interests: veterinary immunology; immunopathology; pathology; cellular and molecular biology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

VIRAL ONCOLYSIS is the ability of a virus to selectively replicate and induce cell death in tumor cells as well as spread within a tumor due to the release of new virions and the action of specific viral gene products. Such ONCOLYTIC VIRUSES (OVs) can exert their functions with different mechanisms that can be distinguished between primary (i.e., direct virus-induced cytolysis and/or apoptosis) and secondary ones. The latter include a wide range of events leading to tumor cell death, such as modulation of the anti-viral and anti-tumoral immune responses, changes in the organization of the tumor-associated extracellular matrix, affecting invasiveness inducing the so-called Mesenchymal to Epithelial Transition (MET), and alterations of the tumor-associated vasculature and angiogenesis. Several viruses such as adenovirus, reovirus, paramyxoviruses (such as measles, distemper or Newcastle disease virus), herpes virus (e.g. herpes simplex virus), and vaccinia virus have been proposed as OVs for different types of cancers (tumor virotherapy). Many features of these interactions are important for the effectiveness of a therapy, including the innate immune responses and induced inflammation, the different types of virus-triggered cell death, tumor metabolism and tumor microenvironment (e.g. immune cells, fibroblasts, angiogenesis, hypoxia), Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition/Mesenchymal to Epithelial Transition processes, and the expression of immunosuppressive factors.

This SPECIAL ISSUE will cover a wide range of topics focusing on viral oncolysis and aims to enhance current knowledge of the interaction between oncolytic viruses and different types of tumor cells and address the mechanisms by which oncolytic viruses trigger the immune system against tumors or drive the tumor microenvironment (TME) to significant changes.

All types of articles will be considered for publication, including short reports, full research articles, and reviews.

We look forward to your contribution.

Prof. Dr. Attilio Corradi
Dr. Federico Armando
Dr. Christina Puff
Dr. Luca Ferrari
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Pathogens is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Viral oncolysis
  • Oncolytic Viruses (OVs)
  • Mesenchymal to Epithelial Transition (MET)
  • Tumor virotherapy
  • Immune system
  • Tumor microenvironment (TME)

Published Papers (4 papers)

Download All Papers
Order results
Result details
Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

Jump to: Review

18 pages, 3544 KiB  
Article
Functional Granulocyte–Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF) Delivered by Canine Histiocytic Sarcoma Cells Persistently Infected with Engineered Attenuated Canine Distemper Virus
by Katarzyna Marek, Federico Armando, Thanaporn Asawapattanakul, Vanessa Maria Nippold, Philippe Plattet, Gisa Gerold, Wolfgang Baumgärtner and Christina Puff
Pathogens 2023, 12(7), 877; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12070877 - 27 Jun 2023
Viewed by 1400
Abstract
The immune response plays a key role in the treatment of malignant tumors. One important molecule promoting humoral and cellular immunity is granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Numerous successful trials have led to the approval of this immune-stimulating molecule for cancer therapy. However, besides [...] Read more.
The immune response plays a key role in the treatment of malignant tumors. One important molecule promoting humoral and cellular immunity is granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Numerous successful trials have led to the approval of this immune-stimulating molecule for cancer therapy. However, besides immune stimulation, GM-CSF may also accelerate tumor cell proliferation, rendering this molecule a double-edged sword in cancer treatment. Therefore, detailed knowledge about the in vitro function of GM-CSF produced by infected tumor cells is urgently needed prior to investigations in an in vivo model. The aim of the present study was to functionally characterize a persistent infection of canine histiocytic sarcoma cells (DH82 cells) with the canine distemper virus strain Onderstepoort genetically engineered to express canine GM-CSF (CDV-Ondneon-GM-CSF). The investigations aimed (1) to prove the overall functionality of the virally induced production of GM-CSF and (2) to determine the effect of GM-CSF on the proliferation and motility of canine HS cells. Infected cells consistently produced high amounts of active, pH-stable GM-CSF, as demonstrated by increased proliferation of HeLa cells. By contrast, DH82 cells lacked increased proliferation and motility. The significantly increased secretion of GM-CSF by persistently CDV-Ondneon-GM-CSF-infected DH82 cells, the pH stability of this protein, and the lack of detrimental effects on DH82 cells renders this virus strain an interesting candidate for future studies aiming to enhance the oncolytic properties of CDV for the treatment of canine histiocytic sarcomas. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oncolytic Mechanisms of Viruses: Effect on Tumor Cells and Role of the Tumor Microenvironment)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

20 pages, 6049 KiB  
Article
Differential In Vitro Growth and Cell Killing of Cancer versus Benign Prostate Cells by Oncolytic Parainfluenza Virus
by Kritika Kedarinath and Griffith D. Parks
Pathogens 2022, 11(5), 493; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11050493 - 21 Apr 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1755
Abstract
The development of effective oncolytic viruses will require understanding the differences in virus replication and killing between normal and cancer cells. Here, we have evaluated infections of metastatic cancer (22Rv1) and benign non-tumorigenic (BPH-1) prostate cell lines with a mutant parainfluenza virus 5 [...] Read more.
The development of effective oncolytic viruses will require understanding the differences in virus replication and killing between normal and cancer cells. Here, we have evaluated infections of metastatic cancer (22Rv1) and benign non-tumorigenic (BPH-1) prostate cell lines with a mutant parainfluenza virus 5 (P/V/F) encoding a defective V protein and a hyperfusogenic F protein. Under low multiplicity of infection (MOI), the P/V/F mutant efficiently spread in 22Rv1 cells but was restricted in BPH-1 cells due to type-I interferon (IFN-I) responses. In mixed co-cultures, the P/V/F mutant showed specificity towards and spread within the 22Rv1 cells versus BPH-1 cells. Under high MOI conditions, both BPH-1 and 22Rv1 cells showed efficient infection by the P/V/F mutant. However, compared to BPH-1 cells, the 22Rv1 cancer cells showed increased cytopathic effect, higher induction of caspase-8 and -9, and extensive syncytia formation. In 22Rv1 spheroid cultures, P/V/F infection was less efficient compared to monolayers, but the virus was able to spread through spheroids and induce death. These data indicate that IFN-I sensitivity is a major determinant of specificity of P/V/F spread through populations of cancer versus benign cells, and additionally, differences in activation of apoptotic pathways and syncytia formation can contribute to differential outcomes in cancer versus benign cells. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oncolytic Mechanisms of Viruses: Effect on Tumor Cells and Role of the Tumor Microenvironment)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Review

Jump to: Research

9 pages, 1138 KiB  
Review
Oncolytic Virotherapy for High-Grade Glioma and Current Evidence and Factors to Consider for Incorporation into Clinical Practice
by Sauson Soldozy, Daniel G. Eichberg, Alexis A. Morell, Evan Luther, Victor M. Lu, Dominique M. O. Higgins, Nitesh V. Patel, Ashish H. Shah, Simon J. Hanft, Ricardo J. Komotar and Michael E. Ivan
Pathogens 2023, 12(7), 861; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12070861 - 22 Jun 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1310
Abstract
Brain tumor incidence is on the rise, and glioblastoma comprises the majority of primary tumors. Despite maximal safe resection and adjuvant chemoradiation, median survival for high-grade glioma remains poor. For this reason, it is important to develop and incorporate new treatment strategies. Oncolytic [...] Read more.
Brain tumor incidence is on the rise, and glioblastoma comprises the majority of primary tumors. Despite maximal safe resection and adjuvant chemoradiation, median survival for high-grade glioma remains poor. For this reason, it is important to develop and incorporate new treatment strategies. Oncolytic virotherapy has emerged as a viable new therapeutic entity to fill this gap. Preclinical research has shown oncolytic virotherapy to be a robust and effective treatment option for brain tumors, and clinical trials for both adult and pediatric high-grade glioma are underway. The unique and protected environment of the nervous system, in part due to the blood–brain barrier, prevents traditional systemic therapies from achieving adequate penetration. Brain tumors are also heterogenous in nature due to their diverse molecular profiles, further complicating systemic treatment efforts. Oncolytic viruses may serve to fill this gap in brain tumor treatment given their amenability to genetic modification and ability to target unique tumor epitopes. In addition, direct inoculation of the oncolytic virus agent to the tumor bed following surgical resection absolves risk of systemic side effects and ensures adequate delivery. As virotherapy transitions from bench to bedside, it is important to discuss factors to make this transition more seamless. In this article, we describe the current clinical evidence as it pertains to oncolytic virotherapy and the treatment of brain tumors as well as factors to consider for its incorporation into neurosurgical workflow. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oncolytic Mechanisms of Viruses: Effect on Tumor Cells and Role of the Tumor Microenvironment)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

20 pages, 936 KiB  
Review
Engineered Oncolytic Adenoviruses: An Emerging Approach for Cancer Therapy
by Ee Wern Tan, Noraini Abd-Aziz, Chit Laa Poh and Kuan Onn Tan
Pathogens 2022, 11(10), 1146; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11101146 - 04 Oct 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2065
Abstract
Cancer is among the major leading causes of mortality globally, and chemotherapy is currently one of the most effective cancer therapies. Unfortunately, chemotherapy is invariably accompanied by dose-dependent cytotoxic side effects. Recently, genetically engineered adenoviruses emerged as an alternative gene therapy approach targeting [...] Read more.
Cancer is among the major leading causes of mortality globally, and chemotherapy is currently one of the most effective cancer therapies. Unfortunately, chemotherapy is invariably accompanied by dose-dependent cytotoxic side effects. Recently, genetically engineered adenoviruses emerged as an alternative gene therapy approach targeting cancers. This review focuses on the characteristics of genetically modified adenovirus and oncology clinical studies using adenovirus-mediated gene therapy strategies. In addition, modulation of the tumor biology and the tumor microenvironment as well as the immunological responses associated with adenovirus-mediate cancer therapy are discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oncolytic Mechanisms of Viruses: Effect on Tumor Cells and Role of the Tumor Microenvironment)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:
 
Displaying articles 1-4
Back to TopTop